“VOLUME 1, ISSUE 12″ under QS Publications

 

1) The crushed people in Iranian short stories today

Authors:1)Karam-ali Qadamyari1,*, Ali Gholinami2-Urmia University, Urmia, Iran* Corresponding author:
Assistant Professor of Farsi Literature, Department of Farsi Literature, Faculty of  Humanities, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
ABSTRACT:The short story is called the “voice only,” because the reader cannot can do imaginary nature with their. The common feature of the modern short story is due to the presence of “crushed characters”. These people have been crushed; have different challenges due to the damage of different cultural, in different cultures. These people are different of a writer to another writer and from generation to generation. Personality dimensions are very important of simplicity and complexity, or flat and round, development or lack of character development throughout the story and multidimensional nature of him which makes the occurrence of contradictory traits and makes him unpredictable. Four short stories are examined in this article that has enough obsessions in it to provide the correct pattern, and is classified the fictional characters in three. 1- The chance for revenge. 2- Persistent and futile attempts to understand the tragedy that occurred to them. 3- Escape from the humiliation of the absolute ruin.

Keywords-Characters, Challenges, Changes, Simplicity, Complexity, Contradictory Traits

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2) Socio-Cultural Constraints Faced by Girls Regarding Access to their Secondary Education in Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhuwa
Author: Tehmina Yaqoob –Lecturer Gender Studies,FJWU-Pakistan–

ABSTRACT:The study was aimed to explore the socio-cultural constraints (SCCs) faced by girls regarding access to secondary education  (SE) in Mardan District, Khyber Pukhtoonkhuwa for which a five point likert type rating scale, consisted of 36 items was developed by following the systematic procedure. The value of Alpha Reliability coefficient was .722. A sample of one hundred and twenty (120) girls with the age limit of fifteen to thirty five (15-35) was taken through snow-ball sampling technique. Parent’s education, and family income were the demographic variables of the research. The data after analysis demonstrated that girls in Mardan are far behind in education because of the distance from schools, family permission, low family income, sexual harassment, purdah restrictions, preference of male education over female education, concept of honor, early marriages, lack of awareness regarding the importance of female education, wrong perception about the investment on female education and inferior position of females in the society. It has been recommended that comprehensive awareness raising programs may be incorporated at community level to promote positive attitude among the community regarding the girl’s education.

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3) Determining the Effectiveness of the Sourcing Process
Author:VijayaMani-Professor,SSN School of Management and Computer Applications,SSN College of Engineering,
Old Mahabalipuram Road,  Kalavakkam,Tamil Nadu, INDIA 603110

 ABSTRACT:The research attempts to evaluate the sourcing process at one of the leading IT Company in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India and to suggest ways to improve its effectiveness.The population for the study consisted of the candidates who were scheduled for the interview process at the company.  For the purpose of the research, the population was split into candidates who attended the interview and candidates who did not attend the interview. Sample was chosen through quota sampling and the data collection tools were questionnaire for those who attended the interview and a telephonic interview for those who did not attend the interview.The analysis of the responses from the 300 respondents revealed that a good job description is the main reason for a career change. But they did not receive the job description for which they were being interviewed and faced confusions over their eligibility for the interview.The results suggests that the organization should address the major organizational causes such as not receiving confirmatory emails, no proper intimation regarding the venue and eligibility concerns and no job description which constitute the major reason for not attending the interviews seriously in order to make the sourcing process  more effective.

Key Words : Sourcing, Content analysis, Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Job Description

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4)Factors Affecting Loan Delinquency in Micro finance Institutions in Kenya
Author:Beatrice Njeru Warue-School of Business and Economics,Kenya Methodist University

ABSTRACT:The main goal of every microfinance institution (MFI) is to operate profitably in order to maintain its stability and improve growth and sustainability.  However,  existence of high levels of loan delinquency problem in  microfinance industry negatively affect the level of private investment and constrain the scope of microfinance institution credit to borrowers as MFIs have to compensate for loan delinquency losses.  The success of individual MFIs in credit risk management is largely reflected in the proportion of delinquency’s loans to gross lending. External and internal economic environments are viewed as critical drivers of loan delinquency occurrence. In this regard, this empirical analysis investigates on external factors, MFIs and self help groups’ (SHGs) specific factors, to establish which of these factors significantly affects loan delinquency performance in MFIs in Kenya. The study used primary data.  The study target population comprised 49 MFIs registered by Association of Microfinance Institutions of Kenya (AMFIK). A survey research design was used and a census of the 49 MFIs was taken. The data was collected through a self developed structured questionnaire and administered to MFIs loan officers for response. Multiple regression analysis was used to establish relationship between loan delinquency and microfinance institutions, self help groups and external factors in MFIs in Kenya. The estimated regression coefficients and t-values were interpreted. The study found evidence that there exist a positive and significant (β= 9.937, t-value 5.016) relationship between loan delinquency and microfinance institutions specific factor. In addition self help groups specific factor was found positive and significantly (β= 6.090, t-value 3.097) related to loan delinquency. Further external factor was found positive and significantly (β= 2.549, t-value 2.069) related to loan delinquency performance in microfinance institutions in Kenya. These results support Dinos &  Ashta (2010)  and Saloner  (2007) findings. The study concludes that microfinance institutions and self help groups’ specific factors and external factors significantly affect loan delinquency performance among microfinance institutions in Kenya.  The study recommends that MFIs portfolios management strategies focus more on the internal causes of delinquency which they have more control over and seek practical and achievable solutions to redress delinquency problems.

JEL classification:G32 – Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

Key words: Loan delinquency, microfinance institutions, self help groups, external factors, loan portfolio

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5)Protective enzyme system and osmoprotection in durum wheat (Triticum durum. Desf.) leaves under water deficit

Authors: Ratiba Bousba*, ,Abdelhamid Djekoun and Nadia Ykhlef
Laboratory of Genetics, Biochemistry and Plant Biotechnology,Department of biology and ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and life,University Mentouri Constantine Route Ain el Bey, 25000.Constantine Algeria
*Corresponding author: Ratiba Bousba

ABSTRACT:Abiotic stresses, such as high temperature, and salt stress are major factors which reduce crop productivity. The effects of water deficit on physiological traits, soluble protein content and protective enzyme system of durum wheat leaves were studied . The results indicated that the stomatal resistance (SR) increased under drought condition in all studied genotypes while the chlorophyll content and relative water content (RWC) decrease in the drought condition. Soluble protein content, SDS-PAGE indicated the presence of specific bands in both control and stress condition. The peroxidase (POD) activity in durum wheat leaves was lower in control condition, and then ascending obviously under the drought condition , the highest value was obtained by the adaptive genotype Waha however the lowest activity was enregistred by the introduced genotype Colesseo. It is suggested that the soluble protein and cellular protection enzymes, such as peroxidase activity, play an important physiological functions for cellular plants protection under drought stress.

 Keywords drought, wheat, soluble protein, peroxidase, RWC, Chlorophyll, RS

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6) E-CRM-A Solution for Customer Satisfaction in Electronic Era

Authors:Pouria Jahanbakhshian–PhD scholar, Girne American University, Girne ,Cyprus

 ABSTRACT:Customer Relationship Management is an essential facet of an organization, encompassing the philosophy of organized business that is engaged with a well-knit customer-focused knowledge base. It is more than software or process, and equal to a culture of gaining and keeping value customers, delivering the immitigable benefits. The e-CRM or electronic customer relationship marketing concept is derived from e-commerce. Electronic CRM can contribute incontrovertibly to organizational transformation into a real time enterprise for customers, while harnessing the power of technology in a rapidly changing competitive landscape. The major benefits that accrue are new sales and account opportunities, quicker and smarter decision-making, and better efficiencies leading to significant improvement in customer service. Comparing with traditional CRM, the integrated information for e-CRM intra-organizational collaboration can be more efficient to communicate with customers. The focus of this paper is to discuss the important of e-CRM techniques in providing customers with better services having in view their needs and expectations. The paper also looks at some of the challenges and opportunities related to e-CRM.

Key Words: Customer Relationship Management, customer satisfaction, Electronic CRM, Information Technology
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(7)“Leverage” – An Analysis and its Impact on Profitability with Reference to Selected Oil and Gas Companies of Pakistan
Author’s: 1)Mr. Qasim Saleem 2)Dr. Ramiz Ur Rahman 3) Dr Naheed Sultana 4) Mr. Muhammad Akram Naseem
Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract:
The main objective of this topic is to analyze and understand the effect of leverage on the profitability of the oil and gas sector of Pakistan. It analyzes the relationship between leverage (Financial, operating and combined) and EPS of this sector. It aims to analyze how earning capacity of this sector is affected by operating costs and fixed financial charges. This explains the relationship between the Debt equity ratio and EPS and how effectively this sector be able debt financing. In this study selected oil and gas companies are taken for analysis and hypothesis are examined with the statistical methods of one way ANOVA and t-test.
Keywords: Liquidity ratios, leverage Ratios, Return on Investments, Return on equity, Return on Assets, Regression analysis.
[Download Full PDF] [Page 70-80]