Does Chinese Outward Direct Investment (ODI) To Africa Stimulate The Sino-African Trade CO Operation? (A Case of Sub-Sahara African Economies)”.

Author(s)

Allieu Badara Kabia , Professor Ji-Zhong Huang , Ibrahim Dumbuya , Yuan Yuan Xing ,

Download Full PDF Pages: 49-85 | Views: 304 | Downloads: 93 | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3464732

Volume 5 - April 2016 (04)

Abstract

The Chinese Outward Direct Investment has expanded exponentially over the past years affecting the intensity of trade ties and the presence of China‘s contracted projects with high level of significance in volume and diversity across the African Continent. The purpose of this study is to assess and examine 24 Countries in Sub-Sahara Africa during the period 2003 to 2013(10 years) to investigate whether or not the Chinese Outward Direct Investment to Africa stimulate the Sino- African Trade cooperation with a clarity showing the rigidity which both parties have to balance to enforce the win-win benefit. For data analyses, the study adopts a panel data to analyze Chinese ODI exports to Africa, and a time series data to investigate the effect of its imports from Africa. The study reveals that Chinese Outward Direct Investment to Africa has contributed significantly and paying off as it has plays a vital role in increasing Chinese exports to Africa as well as imports from Africa especially in the oil and other raw materials imports and manufactured goods. The research found also that per capita income and annual percentage growth of domestic product of China have a positive effect on its import. Macroeconomic Policy makers and regulators would use the research finding recommendations as a proxy for sound Policy implementation that strengthen and enhance China‘s Outward Direct Investment and trade cooperation with SSA for a win-win benefit to attain a sustainable growth and development.

Keywords

China, Chinese Outward Direct Investment, Trade co-operation, Sub-Sahara Africa, 

References

  1. Ajakaiye, O. (2006) China and Africa: Opportunities and challenges. Paper presented to the African Union Task Force on Strategic Partnership between Africa and the Emerging Countries of the South; 11–13 September, Addis Ababa.
  2. Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, 2005, China Goes Global: A Survey of Chinese Companies’ Outward Direct Investment Intentions, Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada.
  3. Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, 2006, China Goes Global – II, 2006 Survey of Chinese Companies’ Outward Direct Investment Intentions, Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada.
  4. Asiedu, Elizabeth, 2006, ―Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: The Role of Natural Resources, Market Size, Government Policy, Institutions and Political Instability,‖ The World Economy, 29, 63 – 77.
  5. Ajakaiye, O., R. Kaplinsky, M. Morris, and F. N‘Zue, 2009, ―Seizing Opportunities and Confronting the Challenges of China–Africa Investment Relations: Insights from AERC Scoping Studies,‖ Policy Issues Paper, No. 2 (Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium).
  6. ALVES, ANA CRISTINA. China‘s ‗Win-Win‗ Cooperation: Unpacking the Impact of Infrastructure-for-Resources Deals in Africa. South African Journal of International Affairs, Vol 20,No.2,2013. Pp. 207-226. [Online]. URL: http://www. tandfonline. com/eprint/IyetGbK46I4WUz25x4Cb/full#.U2dQeCNIvIU
  7. BAAH, YAW A. JAUCH, H (ed.). Chinese investments in Africa: A Labour Perspective. May 2009. African Labour Research Network. ISBN: 99916-64-94-7. [Online]. URL: < http://sask-fibin.directo.fi/@Bin/1b7d44ef9e561694c203e3be14 fcb91f/1395124015/application/pdf/298928/ChinaAfrica%20Report%202009-final.pdf
  8. Bazika, J-C.B. (2008) Economic Relations of China with the Republic of Congo. Nairobi: AERC (mimeo).
  9. Besada, H., Wang, Y., and Whalley, J. (2008). China's growing economic activity in Africa. NBER Working Paper No. 14024
  10. BIGGERI, M., SANFILIPPO, M. Understanding China‘s Move into Africa: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies Vol. 7, No. 1, February 2009, 31–54. [Online]. URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ rcea20#. UyFHs_l5OAU
  11. Bräutigam, Deborah, and Kevin P. Gallagher. 2014. ―Bartering Globalization: China‘s Commodity-Backed Finance in Africa and Latin America.‖ Global Policy 5 (3): 346–52.
  12. Bräutigam, Deborah, and Xiaoyang Tang. 2011. ―China‘s Investment in Special Economic Zones in Africa.‖ In Special Economic Zones: Progress, Emerging Challenges, and Future Directions, edited by Thomas Farole and Gokhan Akinci. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  13. Bräutigam, Deborah, Thomas Farole,and Xiaoyang Tang. 2010. ―China‘s Investment in African Special Economic Zones: Prospects, Challenges, and Opportunities.‖ World Bank, Washington, DC. https://openknowledge. worldbank. org/handle/ 10986/10202.
  14. BRAUTIGAM, DEBORAH, XIAOYANG, TANG. Africa‘s Shenzhen: China‘s Special Economic Zones in Africa Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol.49, No.1, 2011.Pp.27–54.Cambridge University Press. [Online].URL:http://www. afriquechine. net/en/2011/African-Shenzhen-China-s-special-economic-zones-inAfrica.pdf 87
  15. BUCKLEY, P.J. et al. The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 38, No. 4, 2007. Pp. 499– 518. [Online].URL:http://wenku.baidu.com/view/5e08ccd033d4b14e85246887.html
  16. Chen, C. 2013. ―South-South Co-operation in Infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa.‖ Working Paper, United Nations Economic and Social Council, New York.
  17. Cheng, Leonard K., and Zihui Ma. 2007. ―China‘s Outward Foreign Direct Investment.‖ In China‘s Growing Role in World Trade, edited by Robert C. Feenstra and Shang-Jin Wei, 545–78. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  18. DAVIES, MARTIN. How China is Influencing Africa‘s Development. April 2010. Paris: OECD Development Centre.[Online].URL: http://www.oecd.org/ development/ pgd/ 45068325.pdf
  19. Deloitte and Mergermarket Group. 2010a. ―Mining for Growth: A Review of Outbound Mining M&A Activity from China. http://www.mergermarket.com/PDF/ Deloitte_MINING_English.pdf.
  20. Dinh, Hinh T., Vincent Palmade, Vandana Chandra, and Frances Cossar. 2012. ―Light Manufacturing in Africa.‖ Africa Development Forum, World Bank, Washington, DC.
  21. Dollar, David. 2014. ―China‘s Rebalancing: Implications for African Economies.‖ Paper presented at the conference ―China in the World Economy: Building a New Partnership with Africa,‖ World Bank, Washington, DC, May 20.
  22. Doumbouya, S.F. and Gassama, I.S. (2008) Relations between Guinea and China: Trade, Investment and Aid. Nairobi: AERC (mimeo).
  23. DROGENDIJK, RIAN.BLOMKVIST, KATARINA. Drivers and Motives for Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investments in Africa. Journal of African Business, Vol. 14, No. 2, July 2013. [Online]. URL:< https://www.econbiz.de/Record/drivers- and-motives-for-chinese-outward-foreign-direct-investments-in-africadrogendijk- rian/ 10010152004>
  24. Edwards, Lawrence, and Rhys Jenkins. 2014. ―The Competitive Effect of China on the South African Manufacturing Sector.‖ Presentation at the Jobs Knowledge Platform ―China in Africa‖ Symposium, World Bank, Washington, DC, November 2014.
  25. Elu, J.U. and Price, G.N. (2010). Does China transfer productivity enhancing technology to Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from manufacturing firms. African Development Review, 22, 587-98.
  26. FOCAC (Forum on China-Africa Cooperation). 2010. ―China-Africa Cooperation Pushing Africa‘s Economic Development.‖ FOCAC, Addis Ababa. http://www. focac.org/eng/jlydh/xzhd/t712157.htm.
  27. FOCAC. Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Beijing Action Plan (2013-2015). 23.07.2012, Beijing. [Online]. URL: http://www.focac.org/eng/ltda/ dwjbzjjhys/ t954620. htm 88
  28. FOCAC. Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Bejing Action Plan (2006-09). 16.11.2006.Beijing.[Online].URL:
  29. Gu, Jing. 2009. ―China‘s Private Enterprises in Africa and the Implications for African Development.‖ European Journal of Development Research Special Issues 21: 570–87.
  30. Kaplinsky, R. and Morris, M. (2009). Chinese FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa: engaging with large dragons. European Journal of Development Research, 21(4), 551-69.
  31. KЕЕNAN J. PATRICK Curse or cure? China‘s investments in Africa and their impact on human rights. January 2008. Georgetown: University of Illinois, College of Law.[online].URL:http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article = 1365&context=bjil
  32. LIN XIAOHUA. FARRELL, CARLYLE. The Internationalization Strategies of Chinese State and Private Sector Enterprises in Africa. Journal of African Business, Vol. 14, No.2, July 2013. Pp. 85-95. [Online]. URL:http://www.tandfonline. com/doi/ abs/ 10.1080/15228916.2013.804311#.U2BTMfl_uAU
  33. Lu, Yiye, and Josaphat Kweka. 2013. ―Chinese Private Investments in Tanzania: Where to or Where From?‖ Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Africa Region, World Bank, Washington, DC.
  34. Mergermarket Group. 2013. ―Deal Drivers Africa—A Comprehensive Review of Africa M&A 2013. Mergermarket Group, New York.
  35. MOFCOM (Ministry of Commerce of the People‘s Republic of China). 2012. ―Annual Cooperative Audit Online of National Foreign Investment Enterprises.‖ MOFCOM, Beijing. http://www.fdi.gov.cn/1800000121_10000029_8.html.
  36. Mwanawina, I. (2008) China–Africa Economic Relations: The Case of Zambia. Nairobi: AERC (mimeo).
  37. Ogunkola, E.O., Adewuyi, A.O., Oyeranti, O.A and Bankole, A.S. (2008a) Study of Economic Relations Between Nigeria and China. A Final Draft Report Submitted to the Economic Management Team, November.
  38. Oyejide, T.A. and Ogunkola, E.O. (2004) Trade, investment and growth in Africa: Patterns, trends and puzzles. The Nigerian Journal of Economic and Social Studies46(1): 125–146.
  39. Rosen, Daniel H., and Thilo Hanemann. 2009. ―China‘s Changing Outbound Foreign Direct Investment Profile: Drivers and Policy Implications.‖ Policy Brief Number PB09-14, Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC.
  40. Salidjanova, Nargiza. 2011. ―Going Out: An Overview of China‘s Outward Foreign Direct Investment.‖ Staff Research Report, U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, Washington, DC.
  41. Sanlippo, M. (2010). Chinese FDI to Africa: what is the nexus with foreign economic cooperation?African Development Review, 22, 599-614.
  42. Sanogo, A. (2008) Economic Relations of China and Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Mali. Nairobi: AERC (mimeo).
  43. Shen, Xiaofang. 2013. ―Private Chinese Investment in Africa: Myths and Realities.‖ Policy Research Working Paper 6311, World Bank, Washington, DC.
  44. Wang, J-Y. (2007) What Drives China's Growing Role in Africa? Washington DC: IMF. IMF Working Paper WP/07/211.
  45. Wang, J-Y. and Bio-Tchane, A. (2008) Africa's burgeoning ties with China: Maximizing the benefits of China's increasing economic engagement with Africa. Finance and Development 45(1): 44–47.
  46. Weisbrod, Aaron, and John Whalley. 2011. ―The Contribution of Chinese FDI to Africa‘s Pre Crisis Growth Surge.‖ NBER Working Paper No. 17544, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
  47. World Bank. 2014.―Gross Fixed Capital Formation Database.‖ World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://data.worldbank. org/ indicator/ NE.GDI.FTOT.CD.
  48. Yuemei Group. 2014a. ―Yuemei Group Overseas Investment.‖ (In Mandarin.) http://www.chinayuemei.com/porductsinfo.aspx?id=87.
  49. ZHANG, YI, HEIN ROELFSEMA. Unravelling the Complex Motivations behind China‘s Outward FDI. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Vol. 19, No.1, June 2013.Pp. 89-100. [Online]
  50. ———. 2003–2014. Statistical Bulletin of China's Outward FDI. MOFCOM, Beijing.
  51. ———. 2010b. ―Rising Sun: A New Chapter in China‘s Overseas Mergers and Acquisitions‖ (in Mandarin: 崛起的 曙光:中国海外并购新篇章).
  52. ———. 2011. ―The Largest Private Shoe-Manufacturing Enterprise in Dongguan Makes Investment in Ethiopia.‖ FOCAC, Addis Ababa. http://www.fmprc.gov. cn/zflt/ chn/ zfgx/ zfgxjmhz/t886616.htm. 38
  53. ———. 2013. ―Report on Foreign Investment in China.‖ MOFCOM, Beijing. http://www.fdi.gov.cn/1800000121_35_166_0_7.html.
  54. ———. 2014. ―Chinese Manufacturers Moving to Africa—Who? What? Where? Does Africa Benefit?‖ Paper presented at the conference ―China in the World Economy: Building a New Partnership with Africa.‖ World Bank, Washington, DC, May 20.
  55. ———. 2014b. ―Yuemei Group Overseas Investment.‖ (In English.) http://www. chinayuemei. com/en/porductsinfo.aspx?id=189.

Cite this Article: