A Literature Review on the Anxiety Order
Author(s)
Dr. Masood Hassan , Muhammad Misbah Uddin , Syeda Naveera Tehar , Narendar Kumar , Sheikh Saba Saeed ,
Download Full PDF Pages: 92-99 | Views: 266 | Downloads: 67 | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6907244
Abstract
Anxiety is a mental disorder that is a normal emotion described by the immediate feeling of Fear, Panic, stress, bipolar disorder, restlessness, insomnia, fatigue, blurred vision, & impaired learning. The study focuses on how the brain & body respond to unexpected threats & investigates the dependent & independent variables regarding the influence on Anxiety Disorder. To move this forth, the independent variables that were also the major factors of the anxiety disorder included unstable relationships, chronic diseases, & high depression. Furthermore, the research attempts to see if depression & anxiety have common elements of response that separate these as depression symptoms & panic illnesses from stressed illnesses. Its findings show that anxiety disorders share self-reported nervousness experiences, as well as high stress & worry responses to stimuli that suggest menace, no real danger, previously communicated risk, & threat-related situations. Stress sensitivity to stressful events is higher in them. Danger effortful errors, as well as hazard assessments of cues Also, prefrontal reflexes to threat-related stimuli were enhanced. There are certain distinctions to be made amongst mental illnesses & severe depression.
Keywords
Fear, bipolar disorder, Stress, post-trauma, anxiety
References
Abramovitch, A., Dar, R., Mittelman, A., & Schweiger, A. (2013). Don’t judge a book by its cover: ADHD-like symptoms in obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 2(1), 53-61.
Abramowitz, J. S., Deacon, B. J., Woods, C. M., & Tolin, D. F. (2004). Association between Protestant religiosity and obsessive–compulsive symptoms and cognitions. Depression and anxiety, 20(2), 70-76.
American Psychiatric Association Division of Research. (2013). Highlights of changes from dsm-iv to dsm-5: Somatic symptom and related disorders. Focus, 11(4), 525-527.
Angel, R., & Thoits, P. (1987). The impact of culture on the cognitive structure of illness. Culture, medicine and psychiatry, 11(4), 465-494.
Battaglia, M., Garon‐Carrier, G., Côté, S. M., Dionne, G., Touchette, E., Vitaro, F., ... & Boivin, M. (2017). Early childhood trajectories of separation anxiety: Bearing on mental health, academic achievement, and physical health from mid‐childhood to preadolescence. Depression and anxiety, 34(10), 918-927.
Beesdo, K., Bittner, A., Pine, D. S., Stein, M. B., Höfler, M., Lieb, R., & Wittchen, H. U. (2007). Incidence of social anxiety disorder and the consistent risk for secondary depression in the first three decades of life. Archives of general psychiatry, 64(8), 903-912.
Black, B., & Uhde, T. W. (1992). Case study: elective mutism as a variant of social phobia. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(6), 1090-1094.
Borkovec, T. D., Alcaine, O., Behar, E., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Mennin, D. S. (2004). Generalized anxiety disorder: Advances in research and practice. New York: Guilford, 77-108.
Borkovec, T. D., Hazlett‐Stevens, H., & Diaz, M. L. (1999). The role of positive beliefs about worry in generalized anxiety disorder and its treatment. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 6(2), 126-138.
CARSTAIRS, G. M. (1969). A land of lotus-eaters?. American Journal of Psychiatry, 125(11), 1576-1580.
Dilbaz, N., & Guz, H. (2002). Sosyal kaygi bozuklugunda cinsiyet farkliliklari. Nöropsikiyatri Arsivi, 39, 79-86.
Dugas, M. J., Gagnon, F., Ladouceur, R., & Freeston, M. H. (1998). Generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary test of a conceptual model. Behaviour research and therapy, 36(2), 215-22.
Ehlers, A., & Clark, D. M. (2000). A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour research and therapy, 38(4), 319-345.
Eren, S., Bayam, G., Ergönül, Ö., Çelikbaş, A., Pazvantoğlu, O., Baykam, N., ... & Dilbaz, N. (2006). Cognitive and emotional changes in neurobrucellosis. Journal of Infection, 53(3), 184-189.
Fehm, L., Pelissolo, A., Furmark, T., & Wittchen, H. U. (2005). Size and burden of social phobia in Europe. European neuropsychopharmacology, 15(4), 453-462.
Friedman, M. J., Zatzick, D., & Ursano, R. J. (2009). Guideline watch (March 2009): Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Focus, 7(2), 204-213.
Gilbert, P. (2014). The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(1), 6-41.
Helson, H. (1948). Adaptation-level as a basis for a quantitative theory of frames of reference. Psychological review, 55(6).
Kitwood, T. (1990). The dialectics of dementia: with particular reference to Alzheimer's disease. Ageing & Society, 10(2), 177-196.
Mahler, M. S. (1971). A study of the separation-individuation process: And its possible application to borderline phenomena in the psychoanalytic situation. The psychoanalytic study of the child, 26(1), 403-424.
Manassis, K., Oerbeck, B., & Overgaard, K. R. (2016). The use of medication in selective mutism: a systematic review. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 25(6), 571-578.
McCabe, R. E., Antony, M. M., Summerfeldt, L. J., Liss, A., & Swinson, R. P. (2003). Preliminary examination of the relationship between anxiety disorders in adults and self-reported history of teasing or bullying experiences. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 32(4), 187-193.
Muris, P., & Ollendick, T. H. (2015). Children who are anxious in silence: A review on selective mutism, the new anxiety disorder in DSM-5. Clinical child and family psychology review, 18(2), 151-169.
Myers, J. K., Weissman, M. M., Tischler, G. L., Holzer, C. E., Leaf, P. J., Orvaschel, H., ... & Stoltzman, R. (1984). Six-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities: 1980 to 1982. Archives of General psychiatry, 41(10), 959-967.
Najmi, S., & Wegner, D. M. (2008). Mental control: Thought suppression and psychopathology. Handbook of approach and avoidance motivation, 447-459.
Peris, T. S., Bergman, R. L., Asarnow, J. R., Langley, A., McCracken, J. T., & Piacentini, J. (2010). Clinical and cognitive correlates of depressive symptoms among youth with obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 39(5), 616-626.
Ramsey, L. B., Bishop, J. R., & Strawn, J. R. (2019). Pharmacogenetics of treating pediatric anxiety and depression. Pharmacogenomics, 20(12), 867-870.
Stein, M., Walker, J., & Ford, D. (1994). Setting diagnostic thresholds for social phobia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 408-412.
Steinhausen, H. C., & Adamek, R. (1997). The family history of children with elective mutism: a research report. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 6(2), 107-111.
Vaughan, J., Coddington, J. A., Ahmed, A. H., & Ertel, M. (2017). Separation anxiety disorder in school-age children: What health care providers should know. Journal of pediatric health care, 31(4), 433-440.
Wagnon, A. E. (2019). “Is Mami Going to Leave Us?”: Children Who Face Anxiety. Hear My Voice: Tales of Trauma and Equity from Today's Youth, 13.
Woolston, C. (2018). Feeling overwhelmed by academia? You are not alone. Nature, 557(7706), 129-129.
Ziche, M., Jones, J., & Gullino, P. M. (1982). Role of prostaglandin E1 and copper in angiogenesis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 69(2), 475-482.
Cite this Article: