The Role of Managerial Ownership on Impact of Corporate Diversification Strategies and Capital Structure to Corporate Performance Domestic Companies (DCs) at the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Author(s)

Wahyu Ari Andriyanto ,

Download Full PDF Pages: 95-122 | Views: 1006 | Downloads: 342 | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3491510

Volume 8 - March 2019 (03)

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effect of decisions of corporate diversification strategy and capital structure on firm performance by managerial ownership variable as a moderating variable. Type of this research is quantitative research and using purposive sampling to conduct sampling is based on judgment sampling. 
Technical analysis used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis through several stages: calculating the value of the indicator variable as a proxy variable interactions moderation, perform outer model testing, perform inner model testing, goodness of fit (GoF) index testing, and tests of significance to accept or reject the hypothesis through bootstrapping procedure.
The results of this study indicate that: diversification strategy the company adopted has a positive and significant effect on firm performance, diversification strategy also has a positive and significant effect on the company's capital structure, capital structure has a positive and significant effect of any changes in the company's performance, and results of this research does not support previous research that most of the finding of the capital structure has a negative and significant effect on firm performance, managerial ownership has a negative and significant effect on the company performance so that when high levels of managerial ownership will actually reduce the level of company performance and vice versa. Directly, managerial ownership as a moderating variable that is a proxy in the interaction variables has no significant effect on firm performance, managerial ownership has a moderating variable is not a significant role for the impact on diversification strategy and capital structure are applied to get the company performance.

Keywords

Managerial Ownership, Corporate Diversification Strategies, Capital Structure, Corporate Performance, Partial Least Square (PLS).

References

                        i.            Aisjah, Siti. 2010, Strategi Diversifikasi Korporat, Struktur Modal, dan Nilai Perusahaan, Studi pada Perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Vol. 8, No. 1, Februari 2010, Hal. 284 – 295.

      ii.            Aisjah, Siti and Bambang Subroto., 2011, Coprorate Diversification Strategy to Restore A Firm Value (A Study of Companies Registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange), Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research 1(11): 2293 – 2303.

    iii.            Apostu, Andreea., 2010, The Effects of Corporate Diversification Strategies on Capital StructureAn Empirical Study on European Companies, Working Paper, Department of Business Studies, Aarhus School of Business, Aarhus University Denmark.

     iv.            Anwar, Muhadjir., 2009, Pengaruh antara Risiko Bisnis, Strategi Pertumbuhan, Struktur Modal terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman di Bursa Efek Jakarta, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Vol. 7, No. 2: 305 – 314.

       v.            Andriyanto, Wahyu Ari., Budiyanto., Ngumar, Sutjipto., and Asyik, Nur Fadjrih., April 2016, Role of Ownership Structure in The Effect of Diversification Strategy on Capital Structure And Financial Performance of Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management (IJECM) United Kingdom, Volume IV, Issue 7: 344 – 371.

     vi.            Anthony, R., and V. Govindarajan. 2000. Management Control System. Irwin McGraw Hill, 10th Edition

   vii.            Barton, S.L., and P.J. Gordon. 1998. Corporate Strategy and Capital Structure. Strategic Management Journal, 9 (6), page 623 – 632

 viii.            Berger, PG., and Ofek, E. 1995. Diversification Effect on Firm Value. Journal of Financial Economics. Vol. 37, pp. 39-65

     ix.            Brigham, Eugene F., and Louis C. Gapenski, 1997, Financial Management: Theory and Practice, Eighth Edition, Orlando, Florida: The Dryden Press.

       x.            Brigham, Eugene F and Joel F Houston. 2001. Manajemen Keuangan 1 dan 2 Edisi 11. Jakarta: Erlangga.

     xi.            Brigham, Eugene F., and Michael C. Ehrhardt, 2005, Financial Management: Theory and Practice, Eleventh Edition, South-Western, Australia: Thomson Learning.

   xii.            Bungin, Burhan., 2005, Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif. Kencana Prenada Media Group, Jakarta.

 xiii.            Chakrabarti, A., Singh, K., and Mahmood, L. 2007. Diversification and Performance: Evidence From East Asia Firm. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 28, pp. 101-120

 xiv.            Chandra, Teddy, 2007, Signifikansi Corporate Strategy Perusahaan-perusahaan Go Public di Bursa Efek Indonesia, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Volume 5, Nomor 1, 119 – 125.

   xv.            Chang, S., and Hong, J. 2002. How Much Does The Business Group Matter in Korea?, Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 23, pp. 265-274

 xvi.            Chathoth, Prakash K., 2002, Co-alignment between Environment Risk, Corporate Strategy, Capital Structure, and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Restaurant Firms, Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophyin Hospitality and Tourism Management, State University of Virginia USA.

xvii.            Chatterjee, S., and B. Wernerfelt. 1991. The Link Between Resourcess and Type of Diversification: Theory and Evidence. Strategic Management Journal 12, pp. 33-48

xviii.            Chen, Jian, 2001. Ownership Structure as Corporate Governance Mechanism: Evidence From Chinese Listed Companies, Journal Economics of Planning, 34: 34-72

 xix.            Chen, Chiung-Jung., and Chwo-Ming Joseph Yu, 2012, Managerial Ownership, Diversification, and Firm Performance: Evidence from emerging market, International Business Review 21: 518–534.

   xx.            Chen, S.S, and Kim Wai Ho. 2000. Corporate Diversification, Ownership Structure, and Firm Value: The Singapore Evidence. International Review of Financial Analysis, 9, page: 315-326

 xxi.            Colpan, Asli M and Takeshi Hikino, 2005. Diversification Strategy and Financial Performance: An Empirical Study of Japan’s Textile Industry. Paper Riset. Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University Japan.

xxii.            Comment, R., and Jarrell, G.A. 1995. Corporate Focus and Stock Return. Journal of Financial Economics, 37, page 67-87

xxiii.            Copeland, T and Weston, J.F. 1983. Financial Theory and Corporate Policy, Second edition. Addison-Weley Publishing Company. Massachusetts, California.

xxiv.            Datta, Deepak K., Rajagopalan, Nandini., and Rasheed, Abdul M.A., 1991, Diversification and Performance: Critical Review and Future Directions. Journal of Management Studies, School of Budiness University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA.

xxv.            David, Fred R. 2009. Strategic Management, 12th edition. Sunardi, Dono. (Penerjemah), Manajemen Strategis Konsep Buku 1, Salemba Empat, Jakarta.

xxvi.            Denis, J.D., Denis, D.K., and Sarin, A. 1997. Agency Problems, Equity Ownership, and Corporate Diversification, Journal of Finance Vol. 52, page: 135-160

xxvii.            Derek, Bosworth., Dawkin, Pater., Harris, Mark., and Kells, Stuart., 1997, Diversification and The Performance of Australian Enterprises, Melbourne Institute Working Paper No. 28/97.

xxviii.            Frank, Murray Z., and Vidhan K. Goyal, 2003, Capital Structure Decisions, Working paper, Faculty of Commerce, University of British Columbia, and Department of Finance, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 1 – 55.

xxix.            Ferdinand, Augusty., 2002, Structural Equation Modeling: Dalam Penelitian Manajemen, BP Undip, Semarang.

xxx.            Gitman, Lawrence J., 1994, Principles of Managerial Finance, Seventh Edition, New York: Harper Collins College Publishers.

xxxi.            George, R., and Kabit, R. 2005. Corporate Diversification and Firm Performance: Does the Organizational From of the Firm Matter?, FMA Annual Meeting. Chicago, pp. 1-81

xxxii.            Groth, John C., and Anderson, Ronald C., 1997, Capital Structure: Perspective for Managers, Management Decision Journal, 35/7, 552 – 561.

xxxiii.            Habernerg, Adrian, and Riepel, Alison., 2001. The Strategic Management of Organization. Prentice Hall.

xxxiv.            Hanazaki, M., and Qun Liu. 2003. The Asian Crisis and Corporate Governance: Ownership Structure, Debt Financing, and Corporate Diversification, Center of Economic Institutions Working Paper Series, No. 2003-18

xxxv.            Harto, Puji. 2007, Pengaruh Diversifikasi Korporate terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan, Integrity Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, Vol. 1, No. 3, Desember 2007, Hal. 205 – 218.

xxxvi.            Hitt, Michael A., Ireland, Duane R., and Hiskisson, Robert E., 2003, Strategic Management Competitiveness and Globalization, Thomson, 5th Edition, South-Western.

xxxvii.            Husnan, Suad., 1996. Manajemen Keuangan Teori dan Penerapan (Keputusan Jangka Panjang). Yogyakarta: BPFE.

xxxviii.            Husnan, Suad., 2001, Indonesia in Corporate Governance and Finance in East Asia: A Study of Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand. Volume 2, edited by: Zhuang J., David Edwards and Viginita A. Capulong, Research Paper, Asian Development Bank.

xxxix.            Indriantoro, Nur and Supomo, Bambang., 1999, Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis Untuk Akuntansi dan Manajemen, BPFE – Yogyakarta.

     xl.            Jandik, T. and A.K., Makhija., 2005. “Can Diversification Create Value? Evidence from the Electric Utility Industry”, Financial Management Journal, Spring. Page 61-93.

   xli.            Jensen, Michael C., and Meckling, William H., 1976, Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure, Journal of Financial Economics, 3/4, 305 – 360.

 xlii.            Kahloul, Ines and Hallara, Slaheddine., 2010, The Impact of Diversification on Firm Performance and Risk: An Empirical Evidence, International Research Journal of Finance and Economics - Issue 35, 150 – 162.

xliii.            Kesuma, Ali., 2009, Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Struktur Modal serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Real Estate yang Go Publik di Bursa Efek Indonesia, Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, Vol.11, No. 1: 38 – 45.

xliv.            Khanna, T., and K., Palepu., 2000, “Is Group Affiliation in Emerging Market? An Analysis of Diversified Indian Business Group”. Journal of Finance, Vol. 55, page 867-891

 xlv.            Kusmawati., 2008, Diversifikasi, Kepemimpinan Manajerial, dan Kinerja Perusahaan, Jurnal Keuangan dan Bisnis, Vol. 6, No. 1, Maret 2008, Hal. 12 – 13.

xlvi.            Lang, L.H.P., and R.E., Stulz., 1994, “Tobin’s Q, Corporate Diversification and Firm Performance”. Journal of Political Economy Volume 102, No. 6, Page 1248-1280

xlvii.            La Rocca, M., La Rocca, T., Gerace, D. and Smark, C. J., 2006, Effect of diversification on capital structure. Accounting & Finance Journal, 49(4), 799-826

xlviii.            Latan, Hengky dan Ghozali, Imam., 2012, Partial Least Square Konsep, Teknik, dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program SmartPLS 2.0 M3, BP Undip, Semarang.

xlix.            Laurent, Sandra., 2000, Capital Structure Decision: The Use of Preference Shares and Convertible Debt in the UK, Working paper, Bristol Business School, University of the West of England, 1 – 39.

        l.            Leland, Hayne E., 1998, Agency Costs, Risk Management, and Capital Structure, Working paper, Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, 1 – 48.

      li.            Li, Mingfang and Yim-Yu Wong. 2003. Diversifikasi and Economic Performance: An Empirical Assessment of Chinese Firms,  Asian Pacific Journal of Management, 20, page 243-365

    lii.            Lubatkin, Michael., and Rogers, Ronald C., 1989, Diversification, Systematic Risk, and Shareholder Return: A Capital Market Extension of Rumelt's 1974 Study, The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 32, No. 2 (Jun., 1989), pp. 454-46

  liii.            Markides, Constantinos C., and  Williamson, Peter J., 1994, Related diversification, core competences and corporate performance, Strategic Management Journal, Volume 15, Issue Supplement S2 (Summer 1994), 149–165.

   liv.            Markides, Contantinos C., 1995, Diversification, Restructuring and Economic Performance, Strategic Management Journal, Volume 16, Issue 2 (Feb., 1995), 101 – 118.

     lv.            Mas’ud, Masdar., 2009, Faktor-faktor Penentu Struktur Modal serta Dampaknya terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dan Bursa Efek Malaysia, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, Volume 7, Nomor 1: 151 – 161.

   lvi.            Megginson, William L., 1997, Corporate Finance Theory, Massachusetts: Addison- Wesley.

 lvii.            McCullough, Kathleen A. 2002. Implication of Corporate Diversification and Focus Strategies. Risk Theory Seminar

lviii.            Miller, Merton H., 1977, Debt and Taxes, The Journal of Finance, 32/2, 261 – 275.

   lix.            Modigliani, Franco, and Miller, Merton H., 1958, The Cost of Capital, Corporate Finance, and the Theory of Investment, The American Economic Review, 48/3, 261 – 297.

     lx.            Modigliani, Franco, and Miller, Merton H., 1963, The Cost of Capital, Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital: A Correction, The American Economic Review, 53/3, 433 – 443.

   lxi.            Montgomery, CA. 1994. Corporate Diversification. Journal of Economic Perspective. Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 162-178

 lxii.            Montgomery, CA., and Wernerfelt. 1998. Diversification, Ricardian Rents, and Tobin’s q, Journal of Economic. Pp. 623-632

lxiii.            Mubashar, Ammara., Raheman, Abdul., and Zulfiqar, Bushra., 2012, Co-Alignment among Corporate Strategy, Financial Structure and Firm Performance in Non-Financial Sector in Pakistan, Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research 2(7): 7107 – 7114.

lxiv.            Myers, Stewart C., 1977, Determinants of Corporate Borrowing, Journal of Financial Economics, 5/2, 147 – 175.

 lxv.            Myers, Stewart C., 1984, The Capital Structure Puzzle, The Journal of Finance, 39/3, 575 – 592.

lxvi.            Ogden, Joseph P., Frank, C. Jen., and O’Connor, Philip F., 2003. Advance Corporate Finance, Policies and Strategies, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

lxvii.            Palepu, K. 1985. Diversification Strategy, Profit Performance and The Entropy Measure. Strategic Management Journal. Vol. 21, pp. 155-174

lxviii.            Pandya Anil.M., and Rao, Narendar V., 1998. Diversification and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evaluation. Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions. Vol. 11. No. 2: 67-81.

lxix.            Park, Kwangming., and SooCheong (Shawn) Jang, 2012, Effect of Diversification on Firm Performance: Application on entropy measure, International Journal of Hospitality Management 31: 218–228.

 lxx.            Peter, Wright., Ferris, Stephen P., Sarin, Atulya., and Awasthi, Vidya., 1996. Impact of Corporate Insider, Block holder, and Institutional Equity Ownership on Firm Risk Taking. The Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 39, No. 2. April 1996, pp. 441-463

lxxi.            Putra, I Komang Dedy Adnyana., and Wirawati, Ni Gusti Putu., 2013, Pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial terhadap Hubungan Antara Kinerja dengan Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana 5.3 (2013):39-51.

lxxii.            Ross, Stephen A, 1977, The Determination of Financial Structure: the Incentive- Signaling Approach, The Bell Journal of Economics, 8/1, 23 – 40.

lxxiii.            Rumelt, Ricahard, 1974, Strategy, Structure and Economic Performance, Boston Mass: Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University.

lxxiv.            Rumelt, R.P. 1982. Diversification strategy and profitability. Strategic Management Journal, 3 (4), Page: 359 – 369

lxxv.            Saeidy, P., and Kazemipour, S.A., 2011, Effect of Environment Risks, the Company strategy and Capital Structure on Performance of Companies in the Pharmaceutical Industry in Iran Stock Exchange, World Applied Sciences Journal 13 (4): 962 – 967.

lxxvi.            Satoto, Shinta Heru. 2009. Strategi Diversifikasi terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan. Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan, Vol. 13, No. 2, Mei 2009, Hal. 280 – 287.

lxxvii.            Sari, Inayah Adi., Wiratno, Adi., and Suyono, Eko. 2011. Pengaruh Strategi Diversifikasi dan Karakteristik Perusahaan terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan, Proficiency - Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta.

lxxviii.            Sartono, R.A. 2010. Manajemen Keuangan Teori dan Aplikasi. Edisi 6. Yogyakarta: BPFE.

lxxix.            Seitz, Neil, 1984, Financial Analysis: A Programmed Approach, Third Edition, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: A Reston Book Prentice-Hall, Inc.

lxxx.            Sen, Hao., Dong Wang, and Zhongfeng Su, 2011, Diversification and Firm Performance in China, African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5 (27): 10999-11004.

lxxxi.            Setionoputri, Annaria., Meiden, Carmel., and Siagian, Dergibson., 2009, Pengaruh Diversifikasi Korporat terhadap Excess Value Perusahaan Manufaktur, Perdagangan Grosir dan Eceran, serta Properti dan Real Estate yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2005 – 2007, Makalah Seminar Nasional Akuntansi (SNA) ke XII Palembang 4 – 6 Nopember, Bidang Akuntansi Keuangan dan Pasar Modal (AKPM).

lxxxii.            Shyam-Sunder, Lakshmi, and Myers, Stewart C., 1999, Testing Static Tradeoff AgainstPecking Order Models of Capital Structure, Journal of Financial Economics, 51/2, 219 – 244.

lxxxiii.            Siaw Peng Wan, 1999, Corporate Finance: Capital Structure Decision, Working paper, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1 – 28.

lxxxiv.            Soliha, Euis and Taswan. 2002. Pengaruh Kebijakan Hutang terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Serta Beberapa Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Ekonomi. September 2002

lxxxv.            Sofyaningsih, Sri., and Hardiningsih, Pancawati., 2011. Struktur Kepemilikan, Kebijakan Dividen, Kebijakan Utang dan Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Dinamika Keuangan dan Perbankan Vol.3, No. I, 57-59.

lxxxvi.            Sugiyono., 2011, Metode Penelitian Kunatitatif, Kualitatif, dan Kombinasi (Mixed Methods), Alfabeta – Bandung.

lxxxvii.            Suharyono., 2008, Pengaruh Faktor Lingkungan dan Kontrol Eksternal terhadap Strategi Diversifikasi dan Kinerja Sub Sektor Industri Manufaktur Besar di Jawa Timur, Jurnal Executive, Volume 5, Nomor 1: 56 - 74

lxxxviii.            Sulastri., 2008, Pilihan Strategi Diversifikasi dan Implikasinya, Kajian Ekonomi, Vol. 7., No. 1, 27 – 53.

lxxxix.            Sujoko., 2007, Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan, Strategi Diversifikasi, Leverage, Faktor Intern, dan Faktor Ekstern terhadap Nilai Perusahaan, Studi Empirik pada Perusahaan Manufaktur dan Non Manufaktur Di Bursa Efek Jakarta, Ekuitas Vol. 11, No. 2, Maret 2007: 236 – 254.

   xc.            Stulz., 1990. Managerial Discretion and Optimal Financing Policies, Journal of Financial Economics, 26, page 3-27

 xci.            Umar, Husein., 2003. Strategic Management in Action. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.

xcii.            Wardhani, Ratna., and Hasibuan, Ade Sobrina, 2011, The Effect of Related and Unrelated Diversification of Capital Structure Policy: Empirical Evidence on Indonesian Companies, SNA XIV – Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh.

xciii.            Wheelen, Thomas L., and Hunger, J. David., 2002, Strategic management and business policy: toward global sustainability, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, New Jersey USA.

xciv.            Van Horne, James C and Wachowicz, John M. Jr., 1998, Prinsip-prinsip Manajemen Keuangan, Edisi Sembilan, Edisi Indonesia, Salemba Empat, Jakarta.

Cite this Article: